Here’s the abstract and a more detailed article about the event.īesides the caffeine Redline contains (250-316 milligrams), it also contains Yohimbine, which is another powerful stimulant. The man in question did not follow the recommendations on the bottle to only consume half at a time and to avoid consumption if suffering from high blood pressure. He reported that his symptoms began 15 minutes after consumption. A 57-year-old man suffered a hemorrhagic stroke after consuming a Redline.He had to be hospitalized until they could get his heart rate under control. A Texas man filed suit against Redline because within 10 hours of drinking the energy drink he experienced “excessive heart rate, extreme chest pain, lost sensation in his hands and had extreme nausea”.Severe inflammation, bleeding, and ulcerations in the upper part of the small intestine, which was causing severe stomach pain. A teenager who drank several Redlines per day had the following problems revealed by an endoscope.Minutes later he collapses, shaking violently (via SacBee). A guy drinks two 8-ounce cans of Redline RTD (along with a burrito).Here are some reported cases of people drinking Redline and then experiencing negative health consequences. From an evolutionary perspective, fish and amphibians don't show as strong a response to epinephrine and norepinephrine as the higher vertebrates, and they lack a well-developed sympathetic (that is, stimulatory) enervation to heart.However, some fail to heed or read this warning and have found themselves in the hospital because of Redline. Reptiles have some response, and lower vertebrates and invertebrates have rather small or no responses. Generally speaking, the effects of caffeine are most pronounced in birds and mammals. During stressful or emergency conditions, they raise the rate and force of the heart, thereby increasing the blood pressure and delivering more oxygen to the brain and other tissues.Ĭaffeine would be expected to have this effect on any animals that used these neurotransmitters to regulate their heartbeat. These chemical messages lead to 'fight or flight' behavior. Although the two act in concert, norepinephrine is released by sympathetic nerves near the pacemaker tissue of the heart, whereas epinephrine is released primarily by the adrenal glands. In the heart, this response prompts norepinephrine-also called noradrenalin-and a related neurotransmitter, epinephrine, to increase the rate and force of the muscle's contractions. Thus, when caffeine stops the breakdown of cAMP, its effects are prolonged, and the response throughout the body is effectively amplified. The advantage of such a complex system is that an extracellular signal can be greatly amplified in the process, and so have a massive intracellular effect. Now, however, scientists have identified several major classes of second messengers, which are generally formed in similar ways through a set of molecules called G proteins. Historically, cAMP was the first second messenger ever described.

Many hormones and neurotransmitters cannot cross the cell membrane, and so they exert their actions indirectly via such second messengers when they bind to a receptor on the surface of a cell, it initiates a chemical chain reaction called an enzyme cascade that results in the formation of second messenger chemicals. Inside cells, PDE normally breaks down the second chemical messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). At the cellular level, caffeine blocks the action of a chemical called phosphodiesterase (PDE).

Here, the red balls are oxygen atoms blue, nitrogen white, hydrogen and green, carbon.Ĭaffeine-the drug that gives coffee and cola its kick-has a number of physiological effects.

The molecule is formed when a xanthine and a methyl group come together.

Caffeine in redline xtreme